Russian Wheat Export Volumes Plunge in April
Between April 1–20, 2025, Russia exported 1.3 million tons of wheat, a 2.8-fold decrease compared to the same period in 2024. The drop reflects broader challenges in the grain trade, including reduced demand, price disparities, and shipping constraints. Only 21 companies exported during the period, compared to 67 the year before. Export destinations shrank from 35 countries to just 15.
Top Exporters and Import Markets
- Top buyers: Iran (203.5k tons), Turkey (191k), Libya (108k), Nigeria (76.5k), and Oman (71.5k).
- Rising importers: Sudan (66k tons), Tanzania (54k), Albania, and Lebanon.
- Declining markets: Egypt (down 8.2x), Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Israel.
Key exporting ports:
- Novorossiysk: 626k tons (down 2.4x)
- Rostov-on-Don: 215k tons (down 2x)
- Vysotsk (Baltic): 132.5k tons (more than 2x increase YoY)
Price Dynamics and Market Impact
- FOB Novorossiysk wheat: $250–254/ton (currently $250)
- French wheat: $244/ton (+3%)
- U.S. wheat: $231/ton (+1.8%)
Russian wheat is now more expensive than European wheat, reversing last year’s pricing discount ($13/ton lower in 2024), and reducing its price competitiveness.
Producer prices have risen to 15,370 rubles/ton, or $208.5, reflecting both tight quality supply and rising production costs. Despite the higher pricing, producers report that margins remain tight due to elevated input expenses.
Export Value Overview
In 2024, Russia exported over 45 million tons of wheat, making it the world’s largest wheat exporter. Egypt, Iran, Turkey, and Bangladesh are typically top buyers. April’s sharp drop, if prolonged, could affect Russia’s annual rankings.
Company Profiles and Market Perspectives
- Russian Grain Union (data source): An industry body monitoring national grain production and exports.
- Vysotsk Port: Emerging as a bright spot, increasing throughput amid Black Sea bottlenecks.
- Major Traders: Firms like Aston, TD Rif, and OZK continue to lead, though fewer players are active in April.
China Informatics Summary Insight: Russia’s wheat export landscape is facing headwinds. Elevated FOB prices and tighter port operations are reshaping trade flows, with Iran, Nigeria, and Baltic routes gaining prominence.
